Wednesday, October 30, 2024

Sri Kurmam Temple or Sri Kurmanatha Temple, Srikakulam

Youtube Link: https://youtu.be/OhngVgPXgL8

References: https://vizagdekho.com/srikurmam-temple-sri-kurmanatha-swamy-temple-srikurmam/

https://www.templedairy.in/sri-kurmanadha-temple-srikakulam

Dedicated to Shri Vishnu’s Kurma Avatar and his consort Kurmanayaki (Lakshmi). The temple is popular for ancestor worship and the temple is situated in the banks of a beautiful pond. The presiding deity is said to have appeared in the shape of a tortoise, as per Legend.  Globally the only temple dedicated to Shri Vishnu’s Kurma Avatar, the temple was originally constructed before 11th century in Kalinga style with fusion of Dravidian style, which depicts it to be a work of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty, when it was known as Kurmeshwarara temple and dedicated to Shiva. However, according to earliest inscriptions, Anantavarman Chodaganga Deva of Eastern Ganga Dynasty converted this temple into a Vaishnava Kshetra from a Siva Temple in the year 1035 CE.

Few legends however say it was Ramanuja who converted it into a Vaishnavite temple in 11th century CE and is an important center for Vaishnavism alongside Seemanchalam.  The temple is one of the few temples in India now to follow both the Vaishnavite and Shaivite traditions.

Srikurmam is known as pitrukshetra because of its ancestor worship. People believe that if they offer prayers here, their ancestors’ souls will be saved.

 

Considered as one of the most sacred and important centre of Vaishnavism, It was also regarded as the Gurupitha (sacred place of the master) of the Ganga kings of Utkala

Legends:

One of the legends say wife king Suta ruling the Svethachala region, was Vishnu devotee and her prayers to the Lord on an occasion, led to the generation of a stream between her and the king, when the king tried to offer some advances to her. On the advice of Sage Narada, the king settled down at the confluence of Vamsadhara and sea and did penance. Lord Kumanadha appeared and granted him mental peace and Lord Vishnu created the Kshirasamudra and his wife came and settled down after which King Suta constructed the temple.

Another legend states that the Prince of Anandpuri, fell in love with a divine nymph, dancing before god, was cursed and he fell there with a nasty disease. After this he did penance for 300 years and the Lord relieved him from that disease. He then created the temple.

 

Purana References: The Srikurmam Shrine, as per Puranas References, spread over a diameter of 30-kiloMetres from Srikakulam to Kalingapatnam and flourished with PanchaLinga Kshetras and Ashta Teerthas. Lord Balarama who took the Darshan of Lord Sri Kurma, visited this area Knowing about the Cosmic importance of this Divya Kshetram, He ordained that Srikurmam be the only Temple in the entire World for the Tortoise incarnation of Lord Sri Mahavishnu. Since the Darshan of Lord Sri Kurma was allowed only for Devatas.

So he constructed 5 Shiva Temples as Kshetra Palika Temples on the four borders of Sri Kurma Shrine, including one at the main entrance of Srikurmam Temple. After the Consecration of idols and observing celestial rituals, Lord Bala Raama allowed Humans to enter the holy shrine of Lord Sri Kurmanadha for a Darshan. The 5 temples were:

  • Sri Paayakeswara Swamy Temple
  • Sri Someswara Swamy temple
  • Sri Sangameswara Swamy Temple
  • Sri Umarudra koteswara temple
  • Sri Mani Nageswara Swamy Temple

 

 

 

Architecture

The temple is one of the living examples of architectural gem. The walls of the temple are rich with sculptural excellence everywhere. The  pillars have Yalis designed on them and there are motifs of all deities across the walls of the temple. The presence of two Dhwaja Stambhas in the temple is unusual for a Vaishnavite temple, proving its original Shaivism. The design of the gopurams is unique and distinctive from the regular gopurams of Dravidian temples and Kalinga architecture. The upper part of the sanctum sanctorum is built in the form of an ashtadala padmam (eight-petaled lotus).

The temple resembles the Dravidian structure like Vimana from Pyramid structure. The temple Mukha Mandapa leads antarala.

The deity of Kurmanathaswamy is made of black stone, but due to regular applications of sandalwood paste, it appears yellow. An important feature is that the main idol faces the West Direction. It sits on a platform made of stone with a length of 5 feet, a height of 1 foot, and a width of 4 feet. The deity is 2.5 feet (0.76 m) long and consists of three stone structures. The stone representing the head faces the west; the middle stone represents the body of the tortoise,  the small stone at the rear end, covered with swirling circles, represents either the tail of the tortoise or the Sudarshana Chakra.

This temple contains 201 pillars, and each pillar has the individual identity. And the temple has a total of 127 inscriptions in four different languages.  

 

The temple has an unusual conservation park for the protection of young and adult star tortoises. Originally facing east, the deity now faces west in response to Ramanuja’s prayers. Another unusual feature is the presence of the deity on a Gopala Yantra.

Temple Timings:

Temple opening hours: 06:00 AM to 07:45 PM

Srikakulam Srikurmam Temple Daily Sevas And Timings:

Suprabhata Seva, Nityabhishekam, Prabhodika, Mangala Snanam, Thiruvaradana, Sarva darshan, Balabhogam: 06:00 AM to 12:00 PM

Rajabhogam: 12 PM

Nitya Thiruvaradana, Amngalasnanam: 7 PM

Pavalimpu Seva: 8 PM

 

Culture and Tradition:

The main festivals at the Sri Kurmanadha temple includes Dolotsavam, Janmadinam Jayanti, Kalynotsavam, Mukkoti Ekasasi.

Photography and Parking:

There is a charge for photography at the entrance. Photography of deities and garbagriha are not allowed though.

Drone is tougher to use because of parking issues around the temple. The roads are very congested.

Location:

The temple is located around 13 KMs from Srikakulam. If one is travelling on his own, parking is a bit problematic there. The galis are narrow and it is hard to park with residences and market around. One do get parking, but its difficult.

Stay and Accomodation:

Nearest location to stay is Srikakulam city. We personally didn’t find good hotels in Srikakulam despite high prices. But that is the only place to stay.

How to reach:

A detailed visit to Srikurmam can be done for a day from Srikakulam. Otherwise as in one of my previous write-ups on Mukhalingam, the temples of Meliaputti, Mukhalinga, Mandasa and Srikurmam can be done together on a single day.

Travel roads across all the places are very good.


 

About Me

Being a travel freak and interested in ancient Bharat, I travel with my family, i love driving and exploring our country. I am deeply interested in exploring our ancient temples because they are the reflection of our real civilization.